The Archuleta Ranch bears the name of the family after which Archuleta County was named. Jose Marcellino Archuleta left Conejos County with 17 head of cattle and filed on land in the southern part of what is now Archuleta County in 1876. He opened the first bank in Pagosa Springs, the Archuleta Mercantile, the Pagosa Hotel and theater, and a sawmill and flour mill in Edith. He expanded his livestock holdings to 50,000 head of cattle and 75,000 head of sheep. Today the major crop of the ranch is alfalfa.